(Hausa_MFA_dictionary_v3_0_0)=
# Hausa MFA dictionary v3.0.0

``````{dictionary} Hausa MFA dictionary v3.0.0
:id: "Hausa MFA dictionary v3_0_0"
:tags: Hausa;MFA;IPA
:language: "Hausa"
:dialect: N/A
:layout: mfa
:template: dictionary_template
:phoneset: "MFA"
:license: "CC BY 4.0"

   ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/hausa/mfa/v3.0.0/README.md
    :start-after: "## Dictionary details"
    :end-before: "## Installation"
   ```

   ```{admonition} Acoustic models
   * {ref}`hausa_mfa_acoustic_model_v3_0_0`
   ```

``````

```{include} ../../../../dictionary/hausa/mfa/v3.0.0/README.md
:start-after: "new)."
```

## IPA Charts

### Consonants

Obstruent symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced.

``````{list-table}
:header-rows: 1
:stub-columns: 1
:class: consonant_chart table-striped table-bordered

* - Manner
  - Labial
  - Alveolar
  - Alveopalatal
  - Retroflex
  - Palatal
  - Velar
  - Glottal
* - {manner}`Nasal`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * m
        * Occurrences: 1791
        * Examples
          * yamma: [j ɛ˥ m aː˩]
          * same: [s a˥ m eː˩]
          * harma: [h a˥ r m aː˩]
          * maye: [m aː˩ j eː˥]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * n
        * Occurrences: 2052
        * Examples
          * wanda: [w a˩ n d aː˥]
          * sanar: [s ə˥ n a˩ r]
          * cana: [tʃ aː˥ n aː˩]
          * ginin: [ɟ ɪ˥ n ɪ˥ ŋ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ɲ
        * Occurrences: 134
        * Examples
          * hange: [h ɛ˥ ɲ ɟ eː˥]
          * banki: [b ɛ˥ ɲ c iː˩]
          * cinye: [tʃ ɪ˥ ɲ j eː˥]
          * kenya: [c eː˥ ɲ j aː˩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ŋ
        * Occurrences: 1866
        * Examples
          * zanga: [z a˥ ŋ ɡ aː˥]
          * ayan: [ʔ ɛ˩ j ŋ]
          * daban: [d ə˥ b a˩ ŋ]
          * hawan: [h a˩ w a˥˦ ŋ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Stop` {submanner}`Plain`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * p
        * Occurrences: 98
        * Examples
          * spain: [s p ɪ˩ ŋ]
          * gypsy: [ɡʷ j p s j]
          * piper: [p ɪ˩ p eː˥ r]
          * panda: [p a˩ n d aː˥]
    * voiced
      * b
        * Occurrences: 1179
        * Examples
          * abu: [ʔ a˩ b ʊ˩]
          * boye: [b oː˩ j eː˥]
          * bawan: [b aː˥ w a˥˦ ŋ]
          * bao: [b ə˥ o˥]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * t
        * Occurrences: 1547
        * Examples
          * tasi: [t aː˩ s iː˥˦]
          * tace: [t ə˩ tʃ eː˩]
          * titi: [t iː˥ t iː˩]
          * tabar: [t ə˥ b a˩ r]
    * voiced
      * d
        * Occurrences: 1112
        * Examples
          * daren: [d ə˩ ɽ eː˥ ŋ]
          * danja: [d a˥ n dʒ ə˩]
          * fadi: [ɸ aː˥ d iː˩]
          * kide: [c ɪ˥ d e˩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * c
        * Occurrences: 564
        * Examples
          * dakin: [d aː˥ c ɪ˩ ŋ]
          * kek: [c eː˥ k]
          * mbeki: [m b eː˥ c iː˩]
          * kidan: [c ɪ˩ d a˥˦ ŋ]
    * voiced
      * ɟ
        * Occurrences: 199
        * Examples
          * gig: [ɟ ɪ˩ ɟ]
          * gefen: [ɟ eː˥ ɸ ɛ˥ ŋ]
          * tsage: [sʼ ə˥ ɟ eː˥]
          * gidan: [ɟ ɪ˩ d a˥˦ ŋ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * k
        * Occurrences: 1051
        * Examples
          * rock: [r o˩ k]
          * kashe: [k ə˥ ʃ e˥]
          * karku: [k a˥ r kʷ ʊ˩]
          * kika: [c ɪ˥ k aː˩]
      * kʷ
        * Occurrences: 627
        * Examples
          * kula: [kʷ ʊ˥ l aː˩]
          * kwai: [kʷ aj˥]
          * kuma: [kʷ uː˥ m aː˩]
          * kunun: [kʷ ʊ˩ n ɪ˩ ŋ]
    * voiced
      * ɡ
        * Occurrences: 416
        * Examples
          * gansu: [ɡ ə˩ n s ɪ˩]
          * daga: [d ə˥ ɡ aː˥]
          * dinga: [d ɪ˩ ŋ ɡ aː˥]
          * gadi: [ɡ ə˩ d iː˥]
      * ɡʷ
        * Occurrences: 331
        * Examples
          * grant: [ɡʷ r a˥ n t]
          * guiwa: [ɡʷ ʊ˩ iː˥ w aː˩]
          * ango: [ʔ a˥ ŋ ɡʷ o˩]
          * hagu: [h aː˥ ɡʷ ʊ˩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ʔ
        * Occurrences: 1012
        * Examples
          * ihu: [ʔ ɪ˥ h ʊ˩]
          * akan: [ʔ a˥ k a˩ ŋ]
          * apple: [ʔ a˩ p p l eː˩]
          * afuwa: [ʔ a˩ ɸ ʊ˩ w aː˥]
    ```
* - {submanner}`Implosive`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiced
      * ɓ
        * Occurrences: 81
        * Examples
          * keɓe: [c eː˥ ɓ e˩]
          * ɓata: [ɓ aː˥ t aː˩]
          * leɓen: [l eː˥ ɓ e˩ ŋ]
          * taɓin: [t ə˩ ɓ ɪ˩ ŋ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiced
      * ɗ
        * Occurrences: 186
        * Examples
          * kaɗan: [k ə˥ ɗ a˥˦ ŋ]
          * ɗumi: [ɗ ɪ˥ m iː˥]
          * haɗe: [h a˥ ɗ eː˥]
          * ɗina: [ɗ ɪ˥ n aː˩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {submanner}`Ejective`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * cʼ
        * Occurrences: 67
        * Examples
          * shaƙe: [ʃ ə˩ cʼ eː˩]
          * yaƙi: [j ɛ˥ cʼ iː˥]
          * yaƙin: [j ɛ˩ cʼ ɪ˥ ŋ]
          * baƙi: [b ə˥ cʼ iː˥]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * kʷʼ
        * Occurrences: 109
        * Examples
          * saƙo: [s aː˩ kʷʼ o˥]
          * ƙwan: [kʷʼ a˥˦ ŋ]
          * ƙofa: [kʷʼ oː˥ ɸ aː˩]
          * ƙwai: [kʷʼ aj˥]
      * kʼ
        * Occurrences: 171
        * Examples
          * ƙare: [kʼ aː˥ ɽ eː˩]
          * ƙaru: [kʼ ə˩ r uː˥]
          * tuƙa: [t uː˥ kʼ aː˩]
          * ƙawar: [kʼ aː˥ w a˥ r]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Affricate`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * tʃ
        * Occurrences: 581
        * Examples
          * bace: [b ə˩ tʃ eː˩]
          * cikas: [tʃ ɪ˥ k a˩ s]
          * baci: [b ə˩ tʃ iː˥]
          * cult: [tʃ uː˥ l t]
    * voiced
      * dʒ
        * Occurrences: 576
        * Examples
          * wajen: [w ə˥ dʒ eː˥ ŋ]
          * juri: [dʒ ɪ˥ ɽ iː˥]
          * jun: [dʒ ɪ˥ ŋ]
          * jam: [dʒ a˩ m]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Sibilant` {submanner}`Plain`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * s
        * Occurrences: 1516
        * Examples
          * sanya: [s ɛ˥ ɲ j aː˩]
          * safai: [s ə˥ ɸ aj˥]
          * sa'ar: [s ə˥ ʔ a˩ r]
          * sunyi: [s ɪ˩ n j iː˥]
    * voiced
      * z
        * Occurrences: 372
        * Examples
          * zaria: [z aː˥ ɽ ɪ˥ aː˩]
          * gaz: [ɡ ə˩ z]
          * banza: [b a˩ n z aː˩]
          * zargi: [z aː˥ ɽ ɟ iː˥]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ʃ
        * Occurrences: 458
        * Examples
          * shafi: [ʃ aː˥ ɸ iː˩]
          * tashe: [t ə˥ ʃ e˥]
          * fushi: [ɸ ʊ˥ ʃ iː˥]
          * shiga: [ʃ ɪ˥ ɡ aː˩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {submanner}`Ejective`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * sʼ
        * Occurrences: 239
        * Examples
          * watsa: [w aː˥ sʼ aː˩]
          * dutse: [d uː˥ sʼ eː˩]
          * tsaka: [sʼ ə˥ k aː˥]
          * tsaye: [sʼ ɛ˩ j eː˥]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Fricative`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ɸ
        * Occurrences: 749
        * Examples
          * afuwa: [ʔ a˩ ɸ ʊ˩ w aː˥]
          * franc: [ɸ r a˥ n tʃ]
          * fin: [ɸ ɪ˩ ŋ]
          * kofa: [kʷ oː˥ ɸ aː˩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * h
        * Occurrences: 756
        * Examples
          * sahu: [s ə˩ h ʊ˩]
          * haura: [h aw˥ r aː˩]
          * anhui: [ʔ a˥ ŋ h uː˥ iː˩]
          * hatta: [h a˩ t aː˥]
    ```
* - {manner}`Approximant`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * w
        * Occurrences: 1009
        * Examples
          * wanna: [w a˥ n aː˩]
          * new: [n eː˥ w]
          * wanka: [w a˥ ŋ k aː˥]
          * kaiwa: [k aj˥ w aː˥]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * j
        * Occurrences: 1213
        * Examples
          * waya: [w ɛ˥ j aː˩]
          * yashi: [j ɛ˩ ə˩ ʃ iː˥]
          * wayin: [w aː˥ j ɪ˩ ŋ]
          * sauyi: [s aw˥ j iː˥]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Tap`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ɽ
        * Occurrences: 879
        * Examples
          * garke: [ɡ a˩ ɽ c eː˥]
          * raywa: [ɽ aː˩ j w aː˥]
          * rayar: [ɽ aː˩ j ɛ˥ r]
          * turo: [t ɪ˩ ɽ oː˩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Trill`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * r
        * Occurrences: 2030
        * Examples
          * reza: [r eː˥ z aː˩]
          * cire: [tʃ ɪ˥ r eː˩]
          * tarar: [t ə˥ r a˩ r]
          * ciyar: [tʃ ɪ˥ j ɛ˥ r]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Lateral`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * l
        * Occurrences: 1278
        * Examples
          * lalle: [l a˥ l eː˩]
          * silba: [s iː˥ l b aː˩]
          * lasa: [l aː˥ s aː˩]
          * lotus: [l oː˥ t ɪ˩ s]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
``````


### Vowels

Vowel symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unrounded and those to the right are rounded.

``````{list-table}
:header-rows: 1
:stub-columns: 1
:class: vowel_chart table-striped table-bordered

* -
  - Front
  - Near-Front
  - Central
  - Near-Back
  - Back
* - Close
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * i
        * Occurrences: 0
        * Examples
      * iː
        * Occurrences: 1429
        * Examples
          * fili: [ɸ iː˥ l iː˥]
          * yini: [j iː˥ n iː˩]
          * amini: [ʔ a˩ m iː˥ n iː˩]
          * tasi: [t aː˩ s iː˥˦]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * rounded
      * u
        * Occurrences: 0
        * Examples
      * uː
        * Occurrences: 598
        * Examples
          * mayu: [m aː˥ j uː˩]
          * tujia: [t uː˥ dʒ ɪ˥ aː˩]
          * tuƙa: [t uː˥ kʼ aː˩]
          * yunwa: [j uː˥ n w aː˥]
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɪ
        * Occurrences: 3540
        * Examples
          * niu: [n ɪ˥˦ uː˩]
          * datti: [d a˩ t ɪ˥]
          * fadin: [ɸ aː˩ d ɪ˥˦ ŋ]
          * girme: [ɟ ɪ˩ r m eː˩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * rounded
      * ʊ
        * Occurrences: 1189
        * Examples
          * hubei: [h ʊ˥ b eː˥ iː˩]
          * kunya: [kʷ ʊ˥ ɲ j aː˥]
          * kunne: [kʷ ʊ˥˦ n eː˥]
          * ruwan: [ɽ ʊ˥ w a˩ ŋ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Close-Mid
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * e
        * Occurrences: 208
        * Examples
          * tonne: [t oː˥ n e˥]
          * dambe: [d a˥ m b e˥]
          * abune: [ʔ a˩ b ʊ˩ n e˥]
          * house: [h oː˥ uː˩ e˩]
      * eː
        * Occurrences: 1093
        * Examples
          * hotel: [h oː˥ t eː˥ l]
          * kike: [c ɪ˥ c eː˥]
          * karen: [k a˥ ɽ eː˥ ŋ]
          * delhi: [d eː˩ l h iː˩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * rounded
      * o
        * Occurrences: 99
        * Examples
          * ɗauko: [ɗ aw˥ c o˥]
          * goro: [ɡʷ oː˥ r o˩]
          * yabo: [j aː˥ b o˥]
          * agogo: [ʔ a˩ ɡʷ oː˥ ɡʷ o˥]
      * oː
        * Occurrences: 1139
        * Examples
          * dawo: [d ə˥ w oː˩]
          * sayo: [s aː˩ j oː˥˦]
          * kwazo: [kʷ aː˥ z oː˥]
          * kogi: [kʷ oː˩ ɟ iː˥]
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ə
        * Occurrences: 2801
        * Examples
          * janye: [dʒ ə˩ ɛ˥ ɲ j eː˥]
          * daban: [d ə˥ b a˩ ŋ]
          * baƙi: [b ə˥ cʼ iː˥]
          * alaƙa: [ʔ a˩ l ə˥ kʼ ə˩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Open-Mid
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɛ
        * Occurrences: 538
        * Examples
          * uniya: [ʔ ʊ˥ n ɪ˥ j ɛ˩]
          * asean: [ʔ ɛ˥ a˥˦ ŋ]
          * miyan: [m ɪ˥ j ɛ˩ ŋ]
          * siyar: [s ɪ˩ j ɛ˥ r]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * rounded
      * ɔ
        * Occurrences: 80
        * Examples
          * rabon: [ɽ ə˥ b ɔ˩ ŋ]
          * dokan: [d ɔ˥ k a˩ ŋ]
          * dokar: [d ɔ˥ k a˩ r]
          * biron: [b ɪ˩ r ɔ˩ ŋ]
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Open
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * a
        * Occurrences: 3140
        * Examples
          * ranan: [ɽ ə˥ n a˩ ŋ]
          * joe: [dʒ a˩ eː˩]
          * karɓa: [k a˥ r ɓ ə˥]
          * gadar: [ɡ ə˩ d a˥˦ r]
      * aː
        * Occurrences: 4471
        * Examples
          * sura: [s uː˩ r aː˥]
          * ɗana: [ɗ aː˥ n aː˩]
          * yasan: [j aː˥ s a˩ ŋ]
          * abada: [ʔ a˩ b ə˩ d aː˥˦]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
``````


#### Diphthongs

* {ipa_inline}`aj`
* {ipa_inline}`aw`

#### Tones

* {ipa_inline}`˥`
* {ipa_inline}`˥˦`
* {ipa_inline}`˩`